A na-eji rọba silicone eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe, mana ụfọdụ ndị nwere ike ọ gaghị enwe ike ịmata ọdịiche dị n'etiti rọba silicone na silica gel, na ekpebibeghị aha ahụ.Taa, onye nchịkọta akụkọ ga-elebakwu anya na ọdịiche dị iche iche na nhazi dị n'etiti silicone na silicone roba.Ka ọ dị ugbu a, a naghị ahazi echiche nke okwu ahụ bụ "silicon".Ruo ugbu a, ọ nweghị aha akọwapụtara nke ọma.Mgbe ị na-anụ okwu ahụ bụ "silica gel", ị kwesịrị ịghọta ma ọ bụ silica gel ma ọ bụ silicone-nwere sịntetik roba, ma ọ bụ na ọ bụ inorganic silica gel ma ọ bụ organic silica gel na ikpeazụ analysis.
"Silica gel" na-ezo aka n'ọtụtụ okwu metụtara ya dị ka silicone roba, silicone roba, na silicone.Mmekọrịta dị n'etiti silicone roba na silica gel dị iche na silicone roba na-agụnye silicone roba.Silicone roba bụ organic "silica gel" nke "silica gel"."Silicone" bụ okwu ejiri na Hong Kong na Taiwan.A na-akpọ ya "silicone" na ala China.Silicone na Silicone bụ nsụgharị silikoni Bekee.A na-ekwukarị na ọ pụtakwara “silicone”.
Na nchịkọta, silica gel nwere ike kewaa ụzọ abụọ, organic silica gel na inorganic silica gel, dị ka ihe onwunwe ha si dị.Mbụ, m ga-akọwa banyere silicone roba.
1. Silicone roba arụmọrụ na teknuzu paramita
rọba silicone bụ ụdị ngwaahịa silicone kachasị na nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe.Mgbe vulcanization gasịrị, rọba silicone nwere ezigbo nguzogide okpomọkụ, nkwụsi ike dị ala, nkwụsi ike ihu igwe, ikuku mmiri, mkpuchi ọkụ, na inertia physiological.
Njirimara igodo na ngwa nke ngwaahịa rọba silicone: Dabere na okpomọkụ vulcanization ha, rọba silicone nwere ike kewaa ụzọ abụọ: elu okpomọkụ (ọkụ) vulcanization na ime ụlọ okpomọkụ vulcanization.A na-ejikarị rọba okpomọkụ dị elu na-emepụta ngwaahịa rọba silicone dị iche iche, ebe a na-eji rọba okpomọkụ dị n'ime ụlọ eme ihe dị ka nrapado, ihe ọkụkụ na ihe ọkpụkpụ.
rọba silicone na-ekpo ọkụ (HTV)
Okpomọkụ silicone roba (HTV) bụ ụdị ngwaahịa silicone kachasị mkpa, yana methyl vinyl silicone roba (VMQ) bụ ụdị kachasị mkpa nke HTV nke a na-akpọkarị roba okpomọkụ.Methyl vinyl silicone roba (raw roba) enweghị agba, enweghị isi, adịghị egbu egbu na enweghị arụrụ arụ ọrụ.A na-agwakọta rọba raw na mgbakwunye kwesịrị ekwesị, njikwa nhazi, vulcanizers na ihe mgbakwunye ndị ọzọ dị mkpa.Ịdị ọcha, kpo oku, mkpakọ ma ọ bụ extrusion, na-esote vulcanization nzọụkwụ abụọ n'ime ngwaahịa dị iche iche.Ngwaahịa ya nwere mkpuchi ọkụ eletrik magburu onwe ya, nguzogide siri ike na arcs, coronas, na sparks, waterproof, waterproof , mmetụta nguzogide, mmetụta mmetụta, physiological inertia, breathability na ihe ndị ọzọ.A na-ejikarị ya na ụgbọ elu, ngwá ọrụ, ngwá electronic na ngwa ngwa, navigation, metallurgy, machinery, automobile, medical and health, and other sectors, na ike iji na-emepụta akara akara mgbanaka, gaskets, tubes, na cables nke dị iche iche shapes.Akụkụ ahụ mmadụ, arịa ọbara, akpụkpọ anụ na-eku ume na rọba, ndị na-ahapụ ebu maka nkedo ziri ezi, wdg.
rọba silicone vulcanized okpomọkụ (RTV)
RTV silicone roba na-enwekarị ụdị abụọ: ụdị condensed na ụdị mgbakwunye."Ihe mgbakwunye-ụdị ime ụlọ okpomọkụ nrapado na-adabere na polysiloxane linear nwere otu vinyl, na-eji siloxane nwere hydrogen dị ka onye na-ejikọta ọnụ, ma na-enweta mmeghachi omume na-ejikọta ọnụ na ọnụ ụlọ okpomọkụ ruo ọkara okpomọkụ n'ihu nke a. ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ elastomer.Ọ nwere ezigbo mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ na ọkụ eletrik, ma n'otu oge ahụ, ọ nwere ihe ndị dị mma na-ahụ maka anụ ahụ na nke arụ ọrụ dị ka ike nkwụsị, elongation ikwu, na ike akwa akwa n'ihi ntinye nke otu njedebe na-arụ ọrụ.Sulphurization radieshon na mgbakwunye peroxide.Ọ dabara maka ụzọ sulfurization dị iche iche dị ka sulfurization na mgbakwunye ịkpụzi sulfurization, a na-ejikwa ya maka nguzogide okpomọkụ, nguzogide mmiri, mkpuchi ọkụ, na ngwaahịa rọba silicone dị elu.
Ụdị condensation-ụdị ụlọ-okpomọkụ silicone rọba vulcanized bụ nke e ji mmeghachi omume condensation dị n'etiti silicone hydroxyl na ihe ndị ọzọ na-arụ ọrụ, ma na-ejikọta ya na ọnụ ụlọ okpomọkụ iji mepụta elastomer.A na-ekewa ngwaahịa na nkwakọ ngwaahịa otu na ngwugwu ihe abụọ.udi.Otu akụkụ vulcanized silicone roba (RTV-1 rọba maka mkpụmkpụ) bụ otu n'ime isi ngwaahịa nke rọba silicone condensed.A na-emepụtakarị ya site na polymers base, crosslinkers, catalysts, fillers na additives.Ngwaahịa a dị mma nke ukwuu n'ihi na a na-akwakọba ya n'ime eriri akwachichiri, na-apịpụta ya mgbe a na-eji ya eme ihe, kpughee ya na ikuku wee tinye ya n'ime elastomer.Enwere ike iji ngwaahịa vulcanized ahụ ogologo oge na oke okpomọkụ (-60 ruo + 200 Celsius C), nwere mkpuchi ọkụ eletrik mara mma na nkwụsi ike kemịkalụ, nwere mmiri dị mma, ozone, na nguzogide ihu igwe, ma nwee ọmarịcha mmachi. ọla dị iche iche.mụbaa.Na ihe ndị na-abụghị ígwè.Nnweta.A na-ejikarị ya maka mkpuchi akụkụ elektrọnik dị iche iche na ngwa eletriki, ma na-arụ ọrụ dị ka mkpuchi, ihe akaebe nke mmiri, nguzogide mmetụta, ihe nchebe elu maka ngwaọrụ semiconductor, ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi, na nrapado.
Abụọ akụkụ ụlọ okpomọkụ vulcanized silicone roba (RTV-2 roba maka mkpụmkpụ) adịghị adaba dị ka RTV-1 roba, ma ọ nwere a dịgasị iche iche nke akụrụngwa ruru.Enwere ike nweta ngwaahịa vulcanized nwere ọtụtụ nkọwa na njirimara nwere otu ụdị.Ya mere, a na-eji ya eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe dị ka ihe maka mkpuchi, mkpuchi mkpuchi, mkpuchi, mkpuchi, mkpuchi mmiri, ihe nrịbama, na imepụta ihe na ụlọ ọrụ dịka ngwá electronic, ụgbọala, igwe, ihe owuwu, textiles, chemicals, na ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ., Mbipụta wdg Na mgbakwunye, n'ihi na RTV-2 nwere magburu onwe ebu releasability, ọ na-ọtụtụ-eji dị ka a rọrọ ebu ihe maka duplicating na n'ichepụta omenala Njirimara, handicrafts, egwuregwu ụmụaka, electronic ngwaọrụ, na igwe akụkụ.
Otu n'ime ihe eji eme ihe mkpuchi silicone bụ mgbidi mkpuchi iko.Igwe iko na aluminom alloy okpokolo agba na-ejikọta ya na ihe eji eme silicon structural nrapado dị ka ihe maka mgbidi mpụta, nkwonkwo telescopic bụ mmiri na-egbochi mmiri ma mechie ya na nrapado silicon ihu igwe.Ngwa ndị ọzọ na-agụnye ọnụ ụzọ alloy aluminum na windo, ọnụ ụzọ ígwè plastik na windo perimeter sealing, iko na-arị elu na nkwonkwo oghere na-akpụ akpụ, rivet na idozi ịghasa akara: ihe nrụcha ọcha na countertops, Waterproof seals n'etiti mgbidi, kichin, ngwá ụlọ ịsa ahụ, aquariums, uko ụlọ, ígwè. ụlọ, ihe ngosi, counter, mgbidi mgbidi, efere ígwè nwere agba agba.Ejiri ya maka mkpuchi mkpuchi mmiri na-adịghị n'etiti efere okporo ụzọ.
Na mgbakwunye na ihe mkpuchi ihe owuwu, RTV gụnyere ihe mkpuchi eji eme ihe na ụlọ ọrụ dị ka ikuku ikuku, ụlọ ọrụ nuklia, akụrụngwa eletrọnịkị, igwe, na ụgbọ ala, ihe ndị a na-akụ silicone nke a na-eji maka ite akụrụngwa eletrọnịkị, na ihe ebu dị nro.Na-agụnye nrapado ebu silicone eji... Achọ maka ụdị ndị a dị ntakịrị, ma n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ ha dị mkpa.
Gel inorganic silica (gel silica)
Inorganic silica gel bụ adsorbent na-arụsi ọrụ ike nke ukwuu, nke a na-akwadokarị site n'imeghachi sodium silicate na sulfuric acid ma na-aga n'usoro usoro ọgwụgwọ mgbe ọ gasịrị dị ka ịka nká na ụfụfụ acid.Silica gel bụ ihe amorphous na usoro kemịkal ya bụ mSiO2.nH2O.Ọ bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe na mmiri na ihe mgbaze, nke na-adịghị egbu egbu, nke na-enweghị ụtọ, na-edozi ahụ, ọ dịghị emeghachi omume na ihe ndị ọzọ karịa alkalis siri ike na hydrofluoric acid.Ụdị silica gel dị iche iche na-emepụta dị iche iche ma na-emepụta ihe dị iche iche microporous.
Ngwakọta kemịkalụ na physics nke silica gel na-ekpebi na ọ nwere ọtụtụ ihe ndị siri ike iji ihe ndị ọzọ yiri ya dochie ya: arụmọrụ adsorption dị elu, nkwụsi ike dị mma, kemịkalụ kwụsiri ike na kemịkalụ kwụsiri ike.Ike igwe dị elu.N'ihi akụrụngwa kemịkalụ ya, a na-eji ya na-emepụta ụdị ngwaahịa silicone dị iche iche dị ka akara silicone, akara silicone na arịa kichin silicone.
A na-ekewa silica gel n'ime macroporous silica gel, N'ezie pore silica gel, ụdị B silica gel, na ezigbo pore silica gel dị ka nha nke pore dayameta.N'ihi ọdịiche dị na nhazi nke pore, njirimara adsorption nwere àgwà pụrụ iche.Gel silica na-adịghị ahụkebe nwere ikike mgbasa ozi dị elu mgbe oke iru mmiri dị elu, na pore silica gel nwere ikike mgbasa ozi ka ukwuu karịa gel silica pore-pore mgbe iru mmiri dị ala.Ụdị B silica gel dị n'etiti oghere ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe na nke dị mma, na ọnụọgụ mgbasa ozi dịkwa n'etiti oghere na nke dị mma.A na-ejikarị gel silica macroporous eme ihe dị ka ihe na-ebu ibu, ihe na-eme matting, ntacha eze na abrasive.
Nkewa ngwaahịa, njirimara ngwa, yana ịkpachara anya maka gel silica, akụrụngwa silicone, na akụrụngwa silicone roba mmiri dị iche iche.Teknụzụ ngwa na isi ngwa nke silica gel raw material na mmiri mmiri silicone roba dị iche.Akụrụngwa maara nke ọma na ị nwere ike ịchọpụta, nyocha na nyocha ọzọ.Mụta maka gel silica.
A na-ejikarị resin siliki eme ihe dị ka agba mkpuchi (gụnyere varnish, enamel, agba agba, varnish, wdg), etinyere ya na moto klaasị H na mkpuchi mkpuchi, ma tinye ya na akwa iko, silk akwa iko, na akwa asbestos.Anyị na-arụpụta mkpuchi moto na ngwaahịa eletriki.Biko chere maka ikuku mkpuchi mkpuchi.
Silicone resins bụ okpomọkụ na ihu igwe na-eguzogide ọgwụ mgbochi corrosion, mkpuchi mkpuchi ígwè, mkpuchi mmiri na mmiri na-ekpuchi maka ọrụ owuwu, ihe ntọhapụ, adhesives, na nhazi nke abụọ na plastik silicone maka iji ngwá electronic, eletriki na nchekwa.Enwere ike iji dị ka.ụlọ ọrụ.Ihe nkwakọ nke Semiconductor na ihe mkpuchi dị ka akụkụ eletrọnịkị.
Silicone resins bụ okpomọkụ na nrụgide na-eguzogide ọgwụ mgbochi corrosion, mkpuchi mkpuchi ígwè, mkpuchi mmiri na mmiri na-ekpuchi maka ọrụ owuwu, ihe ntọhapụ ebu, adhesives, na ngwá electronic, ngwaahịa eletrik na ụlọ ọrụ nchebe.
E jiri ya tụnyere ihe silicone ndị ọzọ, resins silicone nwere obere ụdị dị iche iche na obere òkè ahịa.
Mgbe a na-eji resin silicone dị ọcha ma ọ bụ resin silicone gbanwetụrụ dị ka ihe ndabere, a na-eji agba ọlaọcha nwere ntụ ntụ aluminom mee ihe na okpomọkụ nke 400-450 Celsius C na ọbụna 600 Celsius C. Tụnyere resins organic n'ozuzu, resins silicone nwere nguzogide ihu igwe ka mma, na ogologo ikuku nke ụdị dị iche iche nke anyanwụ bụ 300 nm ma ọ bụ karịa, mana resin silicone na-enweta ihe na-erughị 280 nm.
Hydrolysis nke silicone resins na-enwekarị monomers abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa nwere ọnụego hydrolysis dị iche iche ma na-ejikarị eme ka ọdịiche dị na ọnụego hydrolysis nke silanes dị iche iche na iji nweta ọnọdụ co-hydrolysis edo., A na-eme hydrolysis na mmanya na-aba n'anya n'otu oge.
Oge nzipu: Ọktoba 29-2021
